Unit 11
1. the lunar calendar 农历 the solar calendar 公历 solar energy 太阳能 solar system 太阳系 2. leap over a fence 跳过篱笆 Look before you leap 三思而后行 leap at a chance 抓住机会 4. in support of 为了支持He has a family to support. 有家庭要赡养.
5. be likely to do sth 有可能做… It is likely / possible/ probable that…。。。。。是有可能的.例： He is likely to come. = It is likely that he will come. = It is probable that he will come.= He will probably come
6. set foot in 到达 / 踏上 set about doing = get down to doing = start out / off to do 着手干… set an example to sb 为某人树立榜样 set by = set aside 储蓄set fire to sth = set sth on fire set up 建立/ 成立 set up home 成家 set free 释放自由 set sail 扬帆起航
7. have an effect on 对…产生作用 come into effect = take effect生效 bring sth into effect 使…实施 in effect = in fact = as a matter of fact = in reality = in any event事实上 be of no effect 无效的 personal effects个人财产
8. rely on = depend on 依靠 / 信赖 rely on sb to do sth依靠某人做某事 rely on it that… 放心去 9. come to life 活跃起来 come to one's life = come to oneself = come to one's sense = revive 苏醒过来 come at 袭击 come down 流传下来 come off 成功 come by 获得 come for 来取物/接人 come out 出版/开花/结果 come round 前来 come through 经历 come to an end 结束 come up against 遇到 come up to 达到/ 符合
11. a travel agency 旅行社 sole agency 代理 12. look forward to doing 盼望做… be forward to help others = be ready to help others 乐于助人 put over = put across 解释 put away = put aside 储蓄 put back 推迟 / 阻碍 put down 记下 / 镇压 put sb into prison 把某人投入监狱 put off 推迟 put out 扑灭 put through 完成put up 张贴/ 搭建/ 提供膳食 put up with 容忍.. put down to 归因于 put through to 接通(电话) put forward = come up with = bring forward = set forth 提出… 13. on the march 行军中/ 进行中
14. achieve one's aim 达到目的 point at 指向 aim at (表动作)= be aimed at (表状态) glance at 一瞥 shoot at 射向stare / glare at 瞪着 aim at 旨
在/ 瞄准 aim at a success 志在成功 15. at war = in battle 在战斗中
16. have … in common 有共同点in common with 与…一样 out of common 非凡的 common sense 常识 17. do / make research 做研究 carry out / conduct/make a research in / into / on 进行…的研究
18. in store 在等待/ 降临/ 储蓄 in a flash 刹那间 in a hurry in case 以防… in chains 囚禁中 in charge of 负责 be in debt to 负债… in need of 需要 in peace 处于和平中 in place 就位 in public 当众 in silence 一片寂静 in the hope of 怀着…的希望 in private = privately 私下地 19. be home to / of …发祥地, 所在地
21. make sth a success 使…大获成功What a great surprise you gave us. The concert was a failure. 22. grasp / take the opportunity to do sth 抓住机会做… grasp at 企图抓住 take a firm grasp on抓紧 have a good grasp of 理解 be within our grasp 成功在即
23. as follows 如下 follow up 追查 follow through 完成 follow sb into some place 跟着某人来到…
24. as well as 和 as far as, as long as 只要 as many / much as 多达… 远至 run across = come across 遇到run after 追逐，追求run into 撞上 run out of 用完…
25. be excited about 对…感到激动
26. showcase 展示be filled with = be full of充满。。。。。
27. enable sb to do sth 使…能够做某事 28. by accident = on purpose 故意 without accident 平安无事的 be no accident 绝非偶然 29. He ran faster than ever, reaching the school quite of breath. 意料之中 He hurried to the station, only to find the train had gone. 意料之外
Unit. 12
1. beyond belief 难以置信 have belief in 相信/ 信仰… believe in 信任/ 信仰/ 相信…的存在 make believe 假装
2. make a living = earn a living 谋生 3. apply for 申请 apply oneself to = devote oneself to 致力于 apply one's mind to 专心于 4. lay the foundation of… 奠定…的基础 lay aside储蓄/ 保存 lay down 放下/ 躺下/ 制定 lay in 储存 lay off 解雇 lay out 展示/ 设计 ★lay—laid—laid—laying 产…/放置★lie—lay—lain—lying 躺下/ 位于★lie—lied—lied—lying说谎 5. set out= set off 出发/ 上路
6. come into collision with 与…相撞/ 冲突 in collision 在冲突中
7. be on board 在甲板/ 飞机上 go aboard = be aboard (ship / plane)上船/ 登机 go abroad 出国 study abroad 留学
8. put sb in prison = send sb to prison送某人入监狱 hold / keep sb prisoner 囚禁某人take sb prisoner 俘虏某人
9. six pieces of luggage 六件行李 come true = come into reality成为现实
10. in public 公开地 / 公然in private =privately 11. throw light on / upon = cast light on 阐明某事 throw doubt on 对…产生怀疑 throw oneself into 投身于 light up 点燃 bring to light 揭露 come to light 显露 in (the) light of 鉴于/ 由于 light up with sth 容光焕发
12. hesitate about / at / in / over doing = hesitate to do sth做某事犹豫不决 without hesitation 毫不犹豫 I am still hesitating about whether I should go home.
13. cut up 切碎 cut across 抄近路/ 违反 cut corners抄近路 cut in 插嘴 cut into pieces 切成碎片 cut off 切断/ 中止 cut out 删除 be cut out for 适合于
14. in the distance 在远处 keep sb at a distance = keep sb's distance from 疏远别人 at a respectful distance 敬而远之
15. make a sketch of 概述 / 制作…草图
16. Sth need doing / to be done. be in need of 需要… in time of need 在必要时 There is no need for sb to do sth.对某人而言做某事没必要的
17. remind sb of sth 提醒某人某事 remind sb (not) to do sth 提醒某人(不要)干某事 remind sb that …提醒某人…
18. He will be back before long (不久以后) He saw the film long before (很久以前) It was long before we knew what was wrong with our plan. 费了很长时间才… It won't be long before we meet again. 不用多久…
21. give a view of 流览…
22. to start with = to begin with 首先 end up with 以…告终 begin with = start with 以…为开始 23. dream of 想到/ 梦到 dream away 虚度光阴 dream up 凭空虚构
24. what's more = moreover 更有甚者 what's worse = to matter worse 更糟糕的是
25. slow down 减慢 be slow to do sth = be slow in doing sth 慢吞吞地做某事
Unit. 13
1. be of benefit to 对…有益 for the benefit of … 为了…的利益 benefit from 从…中获益
2. a range of 一排/系列 in range with 和… 并列 at close range 接近地 range from 从…的变化 3. all the way 一直/一路上 4. freezing 冰冷的 frozen 冻僵的
5. a mass of = masses of + 不/ 可数名词大量的 masses of work 大量的工作mass production大量生产 mass communication 大众媒体
6. take advantage of 对…加以利用 gain/ have /win an advantage over = have the advantage of胜过to one's advantage对某人有用 7. in substance 基本上/ 实质上
8. give off 释放/发出(蒸气/光) give out释放/发出(气味/热) give back 返回 give away 分发/ 泄密 give in 屈服/ 呈交 give up 放弃 give out = be tired out 精疲力竭 give way to 让位于 9. be sensitive to 对…敏感
10. in motion 运动中 make a motion with one's hand 做手势
12. a variety of = various 种类繁多的/大量的 13. all the way 一直/径直 by way of = via途径 by the way 顺便提一下 in a / one way 从某种程度上说 in no way = at no time = by no means = in no case 决不 in the way 挡道 out of the way 不挡道 on the / one's way to 去…的路上 fight one's way = press one's way 奋力前行/挤过去 make one's way 前进 lose one's way = get lost 迷路 pick one's way 择路而行 give way to 让步/屈服于 lead the way 领路 clear the way for 给…让路 feel one's way 摸索前进
14. that is = that is to say 也就是说 15. break down 毁掉/分解/坏掉 break out 爆发 break up 拆散 break out 爆发 break through 突围 break with a bad habit 戒除
16. be available to 为…所获得 the source of life生命之源
17. be measured in 以…衡量 take measures 采取措施 in a / some measure 某些程度/几分measure one's height 量身高 measure the time / speed 计时 make… to one's measure 按照某人尺寸做…. 18. take advantage of 利用 gain / win / have an advantage over = have the advantage of 胜过 19. meet with accidents / difficulty / opposition 遭遇 / 经历
20. provide for = support 支持 / 供养 provided / providing that = on condition that = if 假使 21. 比较级 + than any other + 单数名词 / all the other + 复数名词 / 不定代词anything , anyone + else
22. have fun = have a good time = enjoy oneself 玩得开心be full of fun 极有趣 make fun of = laugh at 嘲笑
It is great fun doing sth 干…很有乐趣 23. contribute to = make a contribution to 对…产生贡献/促进
contribute to = lead to = result in = bring about 导致
24. be busy in doing sth = be busy with sth = be absorbed in doing sth = be buried in doing sth = engage oneself in (doing) sth = be engaged in (doing) sth = be occupied in / with (doing) sth 忙于做某事
25. change one's mind 改变主意 change seats with sb 与某人换位置 I have no small change about 零钱Let's go to a restaurant for a change. 更换 / 换口味 change into 变成change over to 转变成 changeable 易变的 / 不稳定的 Unit 14
1. the Nobel Prize 诺贝尔奖
2. put sb in prison = send sb to prison 把某人投入监狱 be in prison 在囚禁 escape from prison 越狱 be taken to prison = be thrown into prison = be sent to prison = be put in prison被投入监狱
3. join hands 携手/ 联手/ 合伙 join sb in doing sth 和某人一起做事 join up 参与/ 入伍/ 汇合 4. the Civil War the right to vote 选举权 vote for sth 投某人的票 vote in sb 选出某人 vote out sb 罢免某人 vote to do sth 通过投票干… give voice to 为…代言
5. set an example to = give an example to sb 为…树立榜样 follow sb's example = follow the example of sb, take sb as an example 以某人为榜样 take sth for example 以某事为例for example = for instance 6. racial discrimination 种族歧视
7. from then on 从那时起 from now on 从现在起 since then = ever since自从那时起(现在完成时) 8. start with 以…开始
9. regardless of 不理会/不顾/尽管 be regardless of 不在乎 / 不重视 regardless of the consequences 不顾后果
10. at first sight 乍一看 /初见之下 at the sight of 看见 catch / have /get sight of 看见 / 发现 be in / within sight 在视线内 be out of sight = lose sight of 看不见 in the sight of 在…看来 have far / long sight 远视 have near / short sight 近视 lose one's sight 失明 keep good sight 保持好视力 Keep out of my sight! 别让我在看见你! 11. 我禁止你进入这个房间:I forbid you the room = I forbid you to enter the room = I forbid your entering the room= I forbid that you should enter the room. forbid doing sth 禁止干某事 forbid sb to do sth 禁止某人干某事 be forbidden to do sth被禁止干某事
12. demand of sb to do sth = demand that sb should do sth 要求某人干某事 meet / satisfy one's demands / needs 满足需求
13. freedom of speech 言论自由 freedom from care 无忧无虑
14. commit murder 犯杀人罪 get away with murder 逍遥法外
15. put one's whole soul into 全神贯注于 heart and soul 全身心
16. separate from 分离开 divide into 分割开 lately = recently 最近地
17. look on … as = think of … as = treat… as = take… as = consider… as = regard… as = refer to… as认为。。。。是。。。。。
18. lead sb to some place 带领某人去某地 lead sb in doing sth 领导某人做某事 lead to 导致lead a simple / hard life 过着…的生活 lead by 在…的领导下, have / gain the lead in the race 赛跑中 take the lead 带头 with sb in the lead 在某人带领下
19. in modern times 在现/ 当代 in ancient / old times 在古代 at a time = each time 每次 at onetime = once 曾经/一度 at no time 决不at times = from time to time = sometimes in no time = soon at all times 一直/ 无论何时 in time of 在…的时候 all the time 一直/ 始终 take one's time 不要急 / 慢慢来 in one' s spare time 在业余时间里 20. be fit for = be suitable for 适合… fit sb 合身 go with 与…搭配
21. as a result 结果 as a result of 由于…的结果 with the result that 其结果是 without result 没有结果, result from 因…而产生的 result in 引起/导致
22．due to=owing to=because of=thanks to= on account of=as a result of=as a consequence of由于。。。。。因为。。。。。
Unit. 15
1. look into 调查 look about = look around = look round 环顾四周 look after = take care of = care for 照顾 look back = call up 回忆 look down upon看不起… look up to 尊敬… look forward to 盼望… , look out = watch out = take care = be careful 当心 look over 查阅 look through 流览, look up the dictionary = turn to the dictionary 查阅字典
2. every now and then = from time to time = at times = every now and again= now and then = occasionally不时地
3. get / be tired of 对…感到厌倦 be tired with / from 因…感到累 give out = be tired out 精疲力竭
4. cool off = cool down 变凉/ 冷静 Keep cool = Keep calm 保持镇定!
5. be guaranteed for 对…提出担保guarantee from保证不
6. gather (in) crops 收割庄稼 gather oneself 使振作 gather up 聚拢 / 概括 7. foreign currency 外币
8. be faced with 面对… in face of… 面对 face to face 面对面 lose one's face 丢面子 see fit = think fit 认为恰当think fit to do sth
9. argue sb into doing 劝说某人做某事 argue sb out of doing, argue with sb about sth 与某人争辩某事apologize to sb for doing = make an apology to sb for sth
10. have an itch for sth = have an itch to do sth 渴望做某事 have itching ears 爱听新奇的事
11. be considered as / to be 被认为… consider doing sth 考虑做某事 all things considered 纵观一切
12. urge sb to do sth = urge sb into doing sth 催促某人做某事
13. catch / get / have a glimpse of = glimpse at 瞥见
14. be known for 因…而出名 be known to 为…所熟知 be known as 作为…而出名
15. celebrate sb sth 庆祝… in celebration of 为庆祝… congratulate sb on sth 庆祝某人某事 16. There is no doubt that… 毫无疑问… There is no possibility that … 不可能… There is chance that… 有可能… There is no point in doing sth 做某事无意义 There is no need to do sth 没有必要做某事 be in need of 需要量 need to do sth 需要做… It is no good doing sth = It is no use to do sth = It is no use doing sth 做某事没用 17. breath-taking 惊险的 peace-loving people 爱好和平人士 meat-eating animals 食肉动物 18. a feast for the eyes 大开眼界 / 眼睛的盛宴 / 赏心悦目 give / hold a feast 举行宴会 a wedding feast 婚宴
19. take / have a dip in 在…里游泳 / 洗澡 go for a dip 去游泳take a bath 淋浴 take a vacation 休假 take a journey / trip去旅行 take a walk 去散步
20. offer to do 主动提议做某事 offer sth to sb = offer sb sth 提供某人某物 offer oneself to 献身于, offer sth for money 开价…
21. Things work out quite well. 结果 I work out regularly to keep fit. 锻炼 I've worked out the difficult maths question. 计算出 work out a plan 设计出
22. Should you have enough energy left, … = If you should have enough energy left, …. 如果.. 23. draw up a list 制表 make a list of 列表 put one's name on the list 把某人列入名单中 24. travel budget 旅行预算 balance the budget 平衡预算 travel document 旅游证件
25. fall in with one's view 按某人意愿行事 in my view = in my opinion in view 计划好了in view of 关于 with a view to doing… 为了做… 26. arrange for 安排/准备/ 商定 make arrangements for 为…作出安排
27. make photocopies of 复印… if possible 若可能的话a seasoned sailor = an experienced sailor一位经验丰富的水手
28. act as 充当/ 起…作用 act for 代理 act out 表演 act up 捣乱/ 出毛病 act on / upon 对…起作用
29. especially 尤其/ 特别是Both the brothers are tall, John especially. Specially 特别地 / 专门的This car was specially designed for use in the desert.
30. make forecast = make weather predictions 天气预报 foretell / forecast / predict the path of a hurricane 预测飓风路径in all directions = in every direction in a certain direction 从某个方向过来 give directions 给予指示 scientific equipments 科学仪器 / 设备 musical instruments 乐器
31. prepare for… = make preparations for 为…做准备be well prepared for = be ready for 做好了做某事的准备
Unit. 16
1. mental and physical labor 脑力与体力劳动 physical examination 体检in good physical condition 身体状况良好
2. suffer from 遭受…suffer a great loss 遭受巨大损失 suffer for one's carelessness 因粗心而受苦
3. be greedy for / of knowledge 渴求知识 be greedy to do = be eager to do 渴望干某事
4. get employment 就业 lose employment 失业 employment agency 职业介绍所
5. civil unrest 内乱 post-war 战后 be under construction = be being built 在建设中
6. make sacrifices 作出牺牲 at the sacrifice of… 以牺牲…为代价
7. bring justice to 依法判处… a war of justice 正义战争
8. in vain 徒劳 be vain of = be proud of = take pride in 以…为自豪 try in vain to do sth 枉费心机做某事
9. eventually = at last = in the end 最后/ 终于= finally
10. take a chance 冒险/ 碰运气 take apart 拆开 take down 拆掉 take in 吸收，欺骗，拘留；欺骗；接受；让…进入；理解；改短take on 呈现/ 雇佣 承
担 take change of = be in charge of 负责 take great trouble to do sth 不辞辛苦做某事 take over 接管 take up 开始从事 / 占据 take possession of 占有 take to 开始喜欢 take for 误以为 take away 剥夺
11. overcome = get over 克服/战胜
12. leave alone 不理会/不打扰 leave the door open 不要关门 leave behind 留下/不带走 leave out 漏掉 leave off 停止/脱掉 leave for = start out for 动身往 leave sth to sb 把…留给某人 leave aside 搁置 on leave 休假 ask for leave 请假 fall behind 落后 behind the times 过时/ 跟不上时代 remain / stay behind 留下 leave word 留言 leave + 宾语 + doing 使…处于某状态
13. insist on doing = persist in doing 坚持做… 14. as a result of = because of = owing to = due to = thanks to 由于… without result 毫无结果 result in = lead to 导致/ 结果 result from 起因于… as a result 结果
15. on sale 出售/减价 for sale 待售 cultural diversity 多元文化
16. in turn 反过来/ 轮流 turn away from = turn off 避开 turn in = hand in 上交 turn out (to be) = prove to be 结果是 turn over 翻过去/ 反复考虑 turn up 出现 turn to sb for help = ask sb for help take turns to do sth 轮流做某事 out of turn 不合时宜 take one's turns 轮班 on the turn 将好转 turn down 拒绝/ 调低
17. supply sth for / to sb = supply sb with sth 提供某人某物 be in short supply 供应短缺 a good supply of food 大量的食物
18. a chain of 一连串 a series of 一系列 19. be willing to help others = be ready to help others 乐于助人
20. struggle to do sth = try one's best to do sth 努力做某事
21. Civil Rights Movement 民权运动 The Great Depression 经济大萧条时期
22. 尽管 / 虽然:Despite = In spite of = regardless of , Although = Though = While + 从句
23. burn with anger 怒火中烧 burn away 烧毁 / 消散 burn down = burn to the ground烧毁burn out 烧坏 burn up 烧光 / 烧得更旺
24. recover from 从…恢复过来 recover one's sight 恢复视力 recover oneself = come to one's sense, come to one's life = come to oneself = revive 恢复知觉
25. aim at doing = aim to do 旨在… aim at(表动作)= be aimed at (表状态) We are studying hard, aimed at attending universities.
26. display new image 展现新面貌 in huge numbers = in large numbers 大规模的
27. be determined to do = determine to do = decide to do = make a decision to do = make up one's mind to do决心干某事determine on (doing) sth 决定做某事
28. gather roots 采集根茎 gather in = harvest 收割 gather up 收拾起来/ 聚集
29. be forced to do = have to do 被迫做某事 move away 搬走 put away 收拾/ 储蓄give away 分发/ 泄密 clear away 清除 tear oneself away 忍痛舍去 turn away 把…打发走/ 解雇
30. make / reach / arrive at / come to an agreement with 与…达成协议
31. all the while 一直/始终 for a little while 持续了一会儿 in a little while 一会儿后once in a while 偶尔 worth one while 值得 at while = at times 有时
32. die away (风)停下来/ 平息 die down (声音/光)消失/ 渐熄 die out 灭绝 die for sth = die to do sth = be eager to do sth 渴望…. die off 枯死/ 绝种 die of hunger / illness / disease / old age… 死于内部因素 die from lack of food / a wound / an accident / over-work 死于外部因素
33. live on = feed on 以…为生 live by 靠…生活 live through 经历 live up to 达到/ 不辜负/ 符合, live / lead a simple life. 过朴素的生活 34. cut across 走捷径 cut away 切除/ 逃走 cut back on 减少 cut down 削减/ 砍倒 cut in 插嘴 cut out 删掉/ 停止 cut through 穿过 cut up 切碎/ 使痛苦 cut into pieces 切成碎片 cut off 切断/ 中止 be cut out for = be fit for = be suitable for 适合于
35. be in effect 有效/生效 in effect = in fact = as a matter of fact = in reality 事实上 come into effect = go into effect 生效 without effect 没有作用 put… into effect = bring….into effect = carry… into effect 使…生效
36. 如果:suppose = supposing = as long as = provided = on condition that = providing = assuming = if Suppose (用于祈使语气或现在分词,同if) Suppose it rains, what's to be done Supposing (that) she doesn't come, we will still go. 37. not +
all/both/every/everyone/everybody/everything/everywhere 部分否定
none/neither/nobody/nothing/no
one/never/not┉any 全部否定 我不全认识他们:I don't know all of them. 他们我全不认识:I don't know any of them.= I know none of them
部分否定:Both of them are not my brothers.= Either of them is my brother.
全部否定:Neither of them is my brother. Not every one of them / us / you is polite to me
38. I bought the gold necklace for 2500 yuan. = My gold necklace cost me 2500 yuan. =It took me 2500 yuan to buy the gold necklace. = I paid 2500 yuan for the gold necklace. =I spent 2500 yuan on / in buying the gold necklace.
Unit. 17
1. to the best of one's ability 尽力地 2. get around = get about 四处走动;活动 get across讲清楚 / 通过 get along …with = get on …with 进展/进行 get away with 侥幸做成 get down to doing 着手做… get down with 结束掉, get into 养成…习惯 get near to 接近 3. have a gift for …对…有天赋
4. assist sb with sth = assist sb to do sth = assist sb in doing sth 帮助某人做某事
5. beyond recognition 认不出来 in recognition of 承认
6. feel sympathy for = have sympathy with同情某人 be in sympathy with 赞同 in / with sympathy 同情地
7. adjust oneself to 使自己适应于…
8. get used to 适应于…/ 习惯于… used to do sth 过去常常干… be used to do sth 被用来做… It's no use doing sth = it is no good doing sth做…没用
9. stand on ceremony 讲究客套 without ceremony 不拘礼节的
10. win a victory over 战胜
11. bring shame on 使…丢脸 feel ashamed 感到惭愧 It is a shame / pity to do sth 做某事可耻 It is a shame that sb can't do sth 某人不能做某事, 真是遗憾。
12. take part in = participate in 参加 participate in sth with sb 同某人参加某事 13. be accessible to 可进入的 / 可获得的 have / gain access to …有做某事的机会/条件
14. award sb sth for sth = award sth to sb for sth 因…授予某人 win an award 获得奖项
15. develop one's potential 发展潜能 offer guidance 提供指导 under one's guidance = under the guidance of 在…的指导下
16. beyond the reach of sb = be out of the reach of 某人手够不着 within the reach of sb 某人的手够得着, reach for 伸手去拿 reach out for 设法抓到 reach one's goal 达成目标, reach out one's hand for 伸手拿…
17. overcome difficulties = get over difficulties 克服困难 inspire sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事realize one's dream 实现梦想
18. He is more lazy than foolish 与其…不如 more than 不仅仅 no more than 仅仅 more or less = about 或多或少 more and more 越来越多
19. every two years = every other year = every second year 每隔两年 every few years每隔几年 20. after the event 事后 in the event 如果 in the event of = in case of 万一 in any event 不管怎样, in that event = in that case 那样的话 21. It looks / seems as if… 看起来好象… It appears / seems that …. the finish line 终点线 22. treat me as a child = treat me as if I were a chil
